# 新手上路

## OpenResty

**安装**

从下载页 [Download](http://openresty.org/cn/download.html)下载最新的 OpenResty® 源码包，并且像下面的示例一样将其解压:

```
tar -xzvf openresty-VERSION.tar.gz
```

解压后，编译，安装

```
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/openresty --with-luajit --without-http_redis2_module --with-http_iconv_module
make
make install
```

将/usr/local/openresty/bin加入PATH环境变量。

**Hello World**

创建nginx的配置文件nginx.conf：

```
worker_processes  1;
error_log logs/error.log;
events {
    worker_connections 1024;
}
http {
    lua_package_path '/data/wwwroot/work/lib/?.lua;;'; # lua的包路径
    server {
        listen 80;
        location / {
            lua_code_cache off; # 关闭lua代码缓存，无需每次修改代码就重启nginx
            default_type text/html;
            content_by_lua_file '/data/wwwroot/work/index.lua';
        }
    }
}
```

启动nginx：

```
openresty -c /data/wwwroot/work/conf/nginx.conf
```

index.lua的内容：

```
ngx.say('Hello World')
```

访问localhost，看到Hello World则表示OpenResty安装成功。

## **Lua安装**

该段参考：<https://www.jianshu.com/p/196b5dad4e78>

Openresty中Lua代码的执行是通过LuaJit解析和加速，而LuaJit基于Lua5.1x的ABI开发，Openresty官方明确指出使用LuaJit运行Lua代码是最优方案，所以毋庸置疑Lua5.1是最适合的，最新稳定版为Lua5.1.5。

下载并解压Lua源码：

```
wget http://www.lua.org/ftp/lua-5.1.5.tar.gz
tar zxvf lua-5.1.5.tar.gz
cd lua-5.1.5
```

打开Makefile，可以看到如下信息：

```
# makefile for installing Lua
# see INSTALL for installation instructions
# see src/Makefile and src/luaconf.h for further customization

# == CHANGE THE SETTINGS BELOW TO SUIT YOUR ENVIRONMENT =======================

# Your platform. See PLATS for possible values.
PLAT= none

# Where to install. The installation starts in the src and doc directories,
# so take care if INSTALL_TOP is not an absolute path.
INSTALL_TOP= /usr/local/lua
INSTALL_BIN= $(INSTALL_TOP)/bin
INSTALL_INC= $(INSTALL_TOP)/include
INSTALL_LIB= $(INSTALL_TOP)/lib
INSTALL_MAN= $(INSTALL_TOP)/man/man1
```

将INSTALL\_TOP修改为你既定的安装目录后保存：

```
INSTALL_TOP = /usr/local/lua
```

安装：

```
make macosx         #编译平台设置为macosx，其他平台直接将macosx替换即可，如make linux
make macosx install  #安装平台设置为macosx
```

运行`lua -v`查看所安装的Lua版本：

```
[root@jmao lua-5.1.5]# lua -v
Lua 5.1.5  Copyright (C) 1994-2012 Lua.org, PUC-Rio
```

## **Luarocks安装**

该段参考：<https://segmentfault.com/a/1190000003920034>

下载并解压Luarocks源码:

```
wget http://luarocks.github.io/luarocks/releases/
tar -xzvf luarocks-2.4.3.tar.gz 
cd luarocks-2.4.3
```

编译并安装：

```
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/luarocks --with-lua=/usr/local/lua
make build
make install
```

**Luarocks 使用初探**

命令行运行`luarocks`，或者`luarocks help`能看到相关luarocks的详细信息，大致分为以下6个段

1.`NAME/名称`显示 Luarocks 说明信息`- LuaRocks main command-line interface`

2.`SYNOPSIS/概要`显示luarocks命令参数使用格式：

```
luarocks [--from=<server> | --only-from=<server>] [--to=<tree>] [VAR=VALUE]... <command> [<argument>]
```

3.`GENERAL OPTIONS/通用选项`被所有命令所支持的选项，包含指定搜索`rocks/rockspecs`的 server，默认的 server 搜寻顺序为：

```
https://luarocks.org
https://raw.githubusercontent.com/rocks-moonscript-org/moonrocks-mirror/master/
http://luafr.org/moonrocks/
http://luarocks.logiceditor.com/rocks
```

另外选项还设置是否仅仅下载源码、是否显示安装过程、指定超时时间等。

4.`VARIABLES/变量`Variables from the "variables" table of the configuration file can be overriden with VAR=VALUE assignments.

5.`COMMANDS/命令列表`luarocks 的常规操作命令 install、search、list 等

6.`CONFIGURATION/相关配置信息`Lua 版本，rocks trees 等安装 luarocks 时的配置


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